Newer retinoid derivatives (retinaldehyde, hydroxypinacolone retinoate) offer efficacy closer to tretinoin with reduced irritation

This review examined the spectrum of retinoids used in both cosmetic and dermatological applications, comparing their mechanisms, efficacy, and tolerability. The authors described the retinoid conversion pathway (retinyl esters → retinol → retinaldehyde → retinoic acid) and evaluated newer derivatives including hydroxypinacolone retinoate (HPR) and retinaldehyde that offer efficacy closer to prescription tretinoin with less irritation. The review is useful for understanding the hierarchy of retinoid ingredients found in clean beauty products.

Medical University of Lodz